SQLWarningFramework ErrorMay 10, 2026

Framework Error

Invalid parameter type: expected array for 'where' clause, got string

What This Error Means

This error occurs when the SQL framework expects an array of parameters for the 'where' clause, but a string is passed instead.

Why It Happens

This error typically happens when using an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) library, such as Doctrine, and passing a string as a parameter to a query method that expects an array. This can be due to a misunderstanding of the library's API or a simple typo.

How to Fix It

  1. 1To fix this error, make sure to pass an array of parameters to the query method. For example, instead of passing a string like `where='age > 18'`, pass an array like `where=['age > 18']`. Alternatively, you can use the library's API to specify the parameter type correctly.

Example Code Solution

❌ Before (problematic code)
SQL
$query = $db->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 18');
$query->execute(['where' => 'age > 18']);
✅ After (fixed code)
SQL
$query = $db->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 18');
$query->execute(['where' => ['age > 18']]);

Fix for Invalid parameter type: expected array for 'where' clause, got string

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